Helen Nugent
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How does illegal file sharing work?
Computer users who want to download movies, music and television shows
generally use software known as peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing programs
such as BitTorrent, KaZaA and Soulseek. These can be downloaded from the
internet. Using them to share copyrighted information, such as the latest
episode of a TV show or the week’s No 1 album, is illegal.
So, once I have the software, what happens then?
Normally, when you download a file from the internet, you pull the data from a
website down to your computer. This usually works well but files such as
Hollywood feature films are very large. If a lot of people tried to download
a new movie at the same time the website would not be able to cope. It would
slow down and possibly crash.
P2P file-sharing solves this. Instead of accessing a specific website, file-sharers connect directly with each other. Each provides (uploads) and receives (downloads) files. There is no central website. Web users who wish to download a movie can run P2P software that will automatically download segments from hundreds or thousands of other individuals’ computers at the same time.
Once I have the whole film on my computer, can I then share it with other
people?
Yes. Sections of the movie that you have already downloaded to your PC are
automatically shared with everyone else who is trying to download them. You
started as a downloader, but now you are also distributing the copyrighted
material.
Why haven’t movie and music firms stopped it?
P2P file-sharing makes it hard for companies to shut down copyright
infringers. There is no single website to close down, as the copyrighted
material is split between thousands of PCs around the world.
Who makes money from all this illegal activity?
Most sites make their money from advertising and donations. The UK Film
Council estimates that film piracy cost the industry more than £800 million
in 2005. The BPI, the industry body, estimates that music piracy cost the
industry £165 million in 2005.
How widespread is file sharing?
About eight million people worldwide are on file-sharing networks at any one
time. There are more than 900 million illegal music files available for
download on file-sharing networks. File-sharing was the most used service on
the internet last year. The heaviest usage was observed during the night,
when the percentage of file-sharing traffic rose to up to 95 per cent of
total internet traffic.
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i use p2p all the time for downloading software and media for free which I otherwise would need to pay for. The risk of getting caught is low and if it's the same case for walking into a shop and taking stuff without paying I think loads of people including myself would do it. I mean who isn't up for free stuff. Aren't you?
the opportunist, Moscow,
James: couldn't agree more.
Mark: lending is illegal, at least in the UK. Check the copyright notice on any DVD you own.
Jim: watching a movie on terrestial television/Sky requires that you pay the appropriate licence fees, and that the broadcasters are authorised to distribute the content. So, you're paying for a service that the broadcasters provide, and a portion of this is going towards the copyright holders. Unless the torrent site you download TV/movies from is authorised from the copyright holders, they're not getting your money. Neither is the distributor. Also, distrubting legally-purchased music without authorisation is as illegal as distributing illegally-acquired music. You're breaking the law no matter what you do.
Jason: "copyright" means "right to copy". Only the copyright holder has the right to copy. All copies are equal, indistinguisable from the original. You're not getting lower grade.
Mert: Probably, yes. And unfortunately, no. :(
Craig Sutherland, Edinburgh,
Another file-sharing article, another failure to mention the legal uses of bittorrent. Most Linux distributions use bittorrent as one of the principal means of dissemination, and there are numerous sources of legal material available via bittorrent. While P2P is a major factor in widespread copyright infringement, it is not appropriate to equate file sharing exclusively with "piracy".
James, Rhuddlan, UK
I struggle to see the difference between using a VCR to record a film or program off the TV or using P2P. After all you lend your videos to your friends. Isn't this exactly the same?
I think the music and movie industries have an excessive obsession with their outrageous incomes (I mean is an actor really worth $20 million dollars for 90 minutes of film?). Perhaps if they stopped making rubbish people would go to the cinema and buy legal copies. I'm not condoning piracy but I think in many ways they only have themselves to blame after ripping off their customers for so many years.
Mark, Pecs, Hungary
As far as I am concerned the Downloading of TV programs from torrent sites can not be considered a criminal act. If I record the program on my Sky plus box or Tivo box or if I record it to a DVDR or VCR how is this different than Downloading it as say an AVI file to my PC to watch at my conveinence. Where does the law begin and end on such matters. Also if I buy MP3's from an Official site can I send those MP3's to a friend via Skype or is that also illeagal.
Do I not own the product that I have purchased and is it not my right to either back it up to my PC or make what I have purchased available to others as it is now my property.
The actual Downloading of films is another matter. What if the file I am downloading is an R5 file from a pre released disc supplied by the studio for the specific purpose of pre awareness, am I not accessing a file for the purpose it was intended.
Does the law intend to imprison or fine the alleged 9,000,000 user at any one time en masse......
Jim, London, England
A hell of a lot of albums contain "filler" tracks. I don't think the music industry in particular can complain really. If we go back a few years artists were signed with a potential long term plan by the majors. They were nurtured and encouraged to be creative before anything else. The cynical people that now control the majority of labels just seem to want the artists in and out asap and to make as much cash(their only reason for doing what they do it appears these days) as possible. If a single or two go well then throw up an LP to cash in a bit more. Fill with drivel and don't worry about the people who live for obtaining their next one, why? Because each song was carefully selected and it's order on the album aswell. This was because the artist had something to say and could say it and cared about the listeners experience, an LP was a whole package, rare now! If artists were allowed to do this again maybe people wouldn't mind paying cos they wouldn't feel they were being ripped off
Banksy, Nottingham,
Most albums have one or two good songs, thats it. And they aren't cheap either. You cant get your money back at the theater because the movie was bad can you? Hollywood and the music industry have been ripping people off for decades. How can you say someone is illegally downloading, when all I get is a lower grade copy of the original? Who owns the copy? The record company? The film studios? No, they own the original. No one owns the copies, and therefore it shouldn't be illegal.
Jason, Calgary, Canada
So I missed an episode of a TV programme the other night (which would have been free to watch or record), I download it instead and I'm now a criminal? Is there any danger that somebody in authority might just get a grip?
Mert, York, UK