Patrick Hosking: Business commentary
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A reader called the other day. Were her savings 100 per cent safe, she wanted to know? She had her nest-egg invested with Icesave, a savings product offered by Landsbanki, the Icelandic bank.
The answer ought to be an emphatic and unambiguous “yes”. Icesave is operated by the UK branch of Landsbanki and is heavily promoted to British savers as a perfectly safe, conventional bank account. Two hundred thousand Britons have plunged more than £5 billion of their savings into it, attracted by high rates of interest.
Nine months after the Northern Rock panic and in the week that the Chancellor announced plans for a sparkling new depositor protection scheme, it seems unthinkable that there could still be any ambiguity over the guarantees provided to savers. But the facts are not clear for this and other non-British banks.
Icesave tells depositors that the first £35,000 of their savings is 100 per cent protected – “the same as every FSA-regulated bank and building society in the UK”.
Well, up to a point. In the unlikely event of Landsbanki failing, Icesave depositors would have to claim the first €20,887 (£16,500) of their losses not from the UK’s Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS) but from a deposit protection fund run out of Reykjavik.
After several days of prodding and digging, I have, finally, ascertained the vital statistics of this fund, the Depositors’ and Investors’ Guarantee Fund. It describes itself, not very accurately, as “prefunded” but actually has £88 million in the kitty. That’s to cover deposits totalling £13.6 billion, 154 times as much.
In theory, the fund can have a whip-round from other member banks in the event of a default. In theory, it can borrow, though who from is not made clear. In theory, the Icelandic Government would, I am told, be obliged under a European Union directive to step in to fund any shortfall, although I cannot find any explicit written guarantee of this. Iceland is not a member of the EU.
In practice, in the unlikely event of Landsbanki failing, it’s quite possible that other Icelandic banks would be in similar difficulties and in no position to chip in. In practice, the Icelandic Government might struggle to find the money in the event of a big failure. The total deposits covered are twice the country’s entire GDP.
Iceland is a tiny economy with a population smaller than Coventry’s. It is difficult to imagine Icelandic taxpayers, at present facing a nasty recession, rampant inflation and a currency on the skids, willingly shouldering massive tax hikes to bail out British savers.
It is a bit like relying on a pocket handkerchief as a safety net for an elephant. Very probably, the elephant will never fall. Very probably, the elephant will not be allowed to fall. Only depositors themselves can say whether the extra slither of interest offered by Icesave, which frequently appears at the top of best buy tables, is worth the anxiety.
There is nothing unusual about the lifeboat fund having little in the kitty. Neither does the FSCS. The difference is that, in extremis, the British Government can print pounds to bail out UK depositors. Reykjavik cannot. Moreover, no one wants to debate this. The FSCS tells depositors of any UK branch of a bank based in the European Economic Area, including Iceland, that their savings are “protected”, but it does not say by whom. Icesave accuses me of being alarmist, jingoistic and indulging in absurd hypotheticals.
Meanwhile, a very senior British regulator I asked about it replied: “You wouldn’t really expect me to know the detail of the Icelandic deposit scheme, would you?” Well, yes, I would, actually, given the fragility of the Icelandic economy and currency and the army of Brits piling into Icesave. It is precisely these low-probability, high-impact events that regulators are supposed to weigh up and, if necessary, guard against.
At the very least, depositors in this, and other British branches of non-EU banks deserve more clarity and information – from Icesave, from the Icelandic Government and from the FSCS. Ordinary depositors should not have to spend days trying to get at the facts.
Landsbanki is highly rated and there is no reason to think that it could go wrong. But if it were to go wrong, things could get very messy. Because of the ambiguity, the pressure would be on British taxpayers and British banks to come to the rescue. That cannot be right for a bank over which the British authorities have no supervisory power.
— Homer Simpson once tried to steal used cooking grease from the kitchens at Springfield High to make biodiesel. In a bizarre example of life imitating art, those enterprising people half-inching the nation’s drain covers and church roofs seem to be diversifying and following his example.
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totally agree with this article - when I was thinking of investing with them, I rang them up to check what their arrangements were in case of a Northern Rock like situation, and they were very dismissive and defensive and just fobbed me off with soundbites from the website.
Tom, London,
Landsbanki, credit default protection for 5 years on the senior debt of this institution would currently cost a bank 6.25% per year (not really available to private individuals - would be a LOT more if it were), take that into accout when you think you are getting a good deal at 6.3% !!!!
Snor, London,
The market in Credit default Swaps implies that the odds of LandesBanki going bust are much higher then any comparable non-Icelandic institution. I disagree with the article above: there are very good reasons to suspect that something might goe wrong.
Kevin, London,
Landsbanki are not just bankers in Iceland they operate all over Europe and have a massive corporate banking arm.
The accounts they have posted confirm they are doing well
Landsbanki also boast very high liquidity figures.
We ourself have major problems in the UK where our grass is not so green.
Simon James, Canvey Island , Essex
My, what a tangled web we weave.......
A banking system that gorges itself on 'synthetic' investments and pays billions in bonuses to those who dream up these wheezes.
A regulatory system devised by someone who has absolutely no economic background and can only think 'politics'.
Result - bust!!
Rob, Isle of Wight,
Why are we not surprised. Darling says to banks - cough up. Banks say to Darling - won't. Darling says - oh. OK. Taxpayer coughs up.
Standard Brown/Darling approach. Unbelievable, were it not so believable. And dumb.
Jeremy Poynton, Frome, United Kingdom
I am concerned about the financial stability of a number of overseas banks that appear to offer exceedingly attractive rates to depositors. For example what would happen if ICICI bank in India collapsed? Perhaps customers would have to queue outside the head office in Delhi.
Steve Duncan, London, Great Britain
re patrick hosking article
heritable bank is also owned by landsbanki.
heritable tell me that it is registered in uk .
its registered office is in edinburgh and they participate in the fs compensation sceme guaranteeing up to £35000
please confirm to me this is so .
a carey, glasgow, uk
Dear Times,
Ref: Patrick Hosking article.
I was very surprised to read this article since it was only a few weeks ago that the Times Money was recommending the Icesave savings account as UK investors were protected under the FSA rules for banks which guaranteed the first 35K invested.
Regards.
Mr T Mortom, St.Andrews, Fife
Landsbanki first quarter results were strong (all the details on their website), a lot better than expected. You have to look and refer to the true facts which all these articles don't do. I'm looking forward to seeing their second quarter results. UK banks refuse to reveal their huges loss's
Russell, Gloucester, UK
The FSA compensation scheme is similarly unfunded. All schemes remain 'untested' in the real world.
In the UK, Northern Rock has collapsed. B&B is teetering and the rest are in the market with their begging bowls.
Meanwhile the Icelandic banks stand firm and well capitalised.
Unambiguous indeed
LG, UK, UK
I wasn't aware that there were any reputable British banks.
Alan Heaton, Frankfurt, Germany
The Icelandic banks and other non EU banks could be BCCIs in waiting. Best advice is to get out now and place it in a reputable British bank. If you want to speaculate buy Krugerrands.
William Thomson, GUildford, UK
I have just read your interesting piece on depositors with Icesave (Landsbanki).
I have a small amount with them but a rather larger amount with Abbey which is of course part of Santander.
Spain is in the EU - does that make it any safer?
Richard Clarke, Maidstone, UK
And there is the problem, Brown:in 1997 the Chancellor, Gordon Brown, has set out plans for sweeping changes to the regulation of the City and the financial services sector.
And the result is further ambiguity. It should be that any bank that operates in this country; should have the same protection
A Walton, Leicester, England
An excellent article, which is why I would never deposit money with these fish backed banks for an extra 25 basis points.
W Butler, london,
Never mind Icelandic banks. There is only £4billion to cover the entire savings of the UK banks. Taxpayers had to stump up £50billion just to protect Northern Wreck savers. How much when B&B goes bust? or HBOS? The banksters know they can rely on the British taxpayer to bail them out not the FSCS
John Smith, manchester, UK